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article

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sf7df08f} dndf lgn8]le8;g ;]n'gdf df]x sl6ª skfn sf6\b} u/]sf /fd cfn] gofF gofF :6fOndf skfn sf6\g rfxfG5g\ . pgn] ToxfF skfn sf6]sf] kfFr k6s eO;s]sf] atfp5g\ . Go'gtd @%) nfUg] pQm ;]n'gdf l6g]h;{x?sf] 3'Or' g} nfUbf]/x]5 . /fd h:t} pxL ;]n'gdf e]l6Psf w/fgsf k|lbk /fO{ rfFxL sf]l/og s6 ?rfpbf/x]5g\ . pgsf] a'emfOdf sf]l/og s6 d+uf]lnog km]; ePsf g]kfnLx?nfO{ a9L ;'xfpg] u5{ /] . ljz]if u/]/ g]kfnsf Vofltk|fKt JolQmx?n] skfn sf6\g] atfp5g\ pQm ;]n'gsf d]g]h/ lg/h pk|]tL . skfnsf ljz]if1 eg]/ lrlgg] lgn8]le8 s6'jfn -lgn8]le8;g_ sf] ;]n'gdf c? ;]n'gdf eGbf a9L l6g]h;{ hfFbf/x]5g\ . ptf 8f]l;gf Jo'6L kfn{/df skfn :6]8 ub}{ u/]sL gofFahf/ sf7df08f}+sL l5l/ª wn]nfO{ rfFxL 8f]l;gf g} dg kbf]{/x]5 . /]xfgf :6fOn s6 sf6]sL l5l/ªn] skfn klg nfO6 a|fpg sn/ u/]sL 5g\ .

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skfn zl//sf] ;'Gb/tf 5g]{ Pp6f ;a}eGbf dxTjk"0f{ efu xf] To;}n] skfn agfpbf ljz]if Wofg k'¥ofpg' k5{ eG5g\ ;a} ;]n'g / Jo'l6kfn{/sf ;~rfnsx? . skfndf k|of]u ul/g] s]ldsnx? skfnnfO{ c;/ gkg]{ vfnsf x'g'kg]{ atfp5g\ . o'jfx?sf] qm]hnfO{ wfGg clxn] skfn Joj;fo cyf{t ;]n'g / kfn{/x? w]/} ;~rfngdf cfPsf 5g\ .

article

logsf cfFvfdf u'Da} ;+;f/

hLjg zdf{

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af}4wd{, ;+:s[lt / k/Dk/fdf leIf' leIf'0fL eP/ af}4 u'Dafx¿df a:g] rng 5 . o;/L hLjg g} dlGb/df ;'Dk]/ a:g] cfgLx? cyf{t leIf'0fLx¿sf hLjg syf w]/} dfld{s / /f]rs klg 5g\ . jf:tjdf leIf' leIf'0fL eO;s]kl5 dfu]/ vfg' x'Fb}g . lbPsf s'/fdf lrQ a'emfpg' k5{ . of] Pp6f dxfgtd wd{ xf] clg ;+:s[lt klg . u'Dafdf a:g] Wofg ug]{ u'kmf a:g], d]l86]zg ug]{ clg dgnfO{ :jR5 agfpg ;Sg' leIf'0fL cyf{t cfgLx¿sf] uxg st{Jo xf] . o:tf cfgLx¿sf] ;+Vof slt 5 eg]/ olsg tYofÍ t 5}g t/ sf7df08f}+df dfq} % xhf/ eGbf a9L ;+Vofdf cfgLx¿ u'Dafdf a:g] ub5{g\ . cfgLx¿n] cfˆgf] ;Dk"0f{ lhGbuL af}4 dlGb/ Wofg, hk, d]l86]zgdf g} vr]{sf x'G5g\ . 6f8f 6f8faf6 cfP/ u'Dafdf a;]sf cfgLx¿ xQkQ cfˆgf] 3/lt/ hfb}gg\ . lgs} nfdf] ;do kl5 cfˆgf] 3/ hfG5g\ . cfkmGt, u[x:yL hLjg, /f]dfG;, oL ;a} nfO{ Tofu]/ cfgL wd{df k|j]z u5{g\ / ;Dk"0f{ hLjg ToxL latfp5g\ .

sf] x'g\ t cfgL <

af}4 u'Dafdf a;]/ hLjgsf ;Dk"0f{ ef]u ljnf;nfO{ 5f8L af}4 j:qdf uxg cWoog, hk / tk:ofdf lng x'g] af}4wd{ dfGg] dlxnfx¿nfO{ cfgL elgG5 . x/]s af}4 wd{ dfGg] kl/jf/sf dflxnL 5f]/L cfgL eP/ u'Dafdf cWoog ug{ hfG5g\ / ;Dk"0f{ hLjg cWoog / Wofgd} latfpg rfxfG5g\ . o;/L 3/fo;L hLjg Tofu]/ u'Dafx?df uO cWoog ug]{ af}4wd{ dfGg] dlxnfx¿ g} cfgL x'g . pgLn] skfn vf}/]sf x'G5g\ nfdf a:q nufPsf x'G5g\ / ;w} cWoog, lrGtg / Wofgdf /xG5g\ .

cfgLx?sf] hLjg syf

cfgLx¿sf] hLjg ;xh / ;/n kSs} 5}g . 3/ TofUg' ug'{kg]{ jfWotf Psflt/ 5 eg] csf]{lt/ ;f+;fl/s hLjgdf k|j]z lgif]w h:t} 5 . cfgLx¿ klxnf t dlxnf x'g To; kl5 cfgL To;f] ePsf] x'Fbf k|fs[lts s'/fx¿n] pgLx¿nfO{ g;tfpg] klg xf]Og t/ tL ;a}nfO{ sfa'df /fv]/ uxg cWoogdf nfUg ;Sg'k5{ . dgnfO{ Psfu| agfP/ ;+;f/sf /dfOnfx¿af6 dgnfO{ k/ /fv]/ Wofg ug{ ;Sg'k5{ . klxnf leIf'0fL eO;s] kl5 s;}n] bofjt lbPsf a:t'x¿ ;]jg u/]/ afFRg' kg]{, s;};Fu dfu]/ s'g} a:t' u|x0f ug'{ gx'g] wfld{s dfGotf lyof] t/ lxhf] cfh Tof] eGbf s]xL ;xh 5 pgLx¿sf] hLjg . ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfx¿n] klg k|ToIf k/f]If pgLx¿sf] vfglkgsf nflu ;xof]u k'¥ofO/x]sf 5g\ . u'Dafx¿ Klg ;'ljwf ;DkGg aGb} uPsf 5g\ .  uf]/vf lhNnf 3/ eO xfn :joDe"df a:b} cfPsL $) alif{of cfgL l5l/ª 8f]df z]kf{ !) aif{ cl3 b]lv :joDe"df a:b} cfPsL 5g\ . !# aif{sf] slnnf] pd]/b]lv ljleGg u'Dafx¿df a:t} cfPsL l5l/ª cfˆgf] 3/ guPsf] * aif{ ePsf] atfpl5g\ . uf]/vf sf7df08f}af6 glhs} eP klg cfgL l5l/ª TolQ 3/ hfg dg k/fplbgg\ . cj t pgsf] lhGbuL g} cs}{ eO;Sof], Wofg, hk, d]l86]zg hLjgsf kof{o ag]sf 5g\ . 3/df oxfFsf] h:tf] jftfj/0f x'Fb}g . sf6df/, k|f0fL lx+;f cflb ;a}af6 6fl8P kl5 hLjgsf] cy}{ a]Un} x'G5 elG5g\ pgL . /dfOnL, xl;nL / cly{ pkb]z lbO/xg rfxfg] cfgL l5l/ª ;fdfGo hLjg eGbf cfgLsf] hLjg k[ys / w]/} km/s x'G5 elG5g\ . pgLx¿nfO{ zf/Ll/s ;f}Gbo{tfn] 5'b}5'b}g a? cflTds 1fgn] el/Psf] ;'Gb/tfn] ;w}+ el/e/fp u/fp5 . xnrf]s u'Dafdf a:b} cfPsL @% alif{of bf]nvfsL cfgL 8f]Ndf z]kf{n] cfgLsf] hLjgdf k|j]z u/]sf] !@ aif{ ePsf] atfpl5g\ . x]bf{ ;'Gb/ cfgL 8f]Ndf af]nLjrgdf klg plQs} ;'Gb/ 5g\ . k|;+ua; tkfO{sf] hLjgdf u'Da} ;+;f/ eGbf d';'Ss xf;]/ elgg\–u'Dafdfq xf]Og Wofg, hk, tk:of d]l86]zg g} xfdL cfgLsf] ;+;f/ . 3/df cfdf a'af Ps lbbL, Ps alxgL / b'O{ hgf efOx¿ /x]sf] atfpg] cfgL 8f]Ndfn] 3/sL dfOnL 5f]/L eP kl5 cfgLsf] hLjgdf k|j]z u/]sf] atfOg\ . ;+;fl/s ;'vb]lv 6f8f /x]/ u'Dafsf] lhGbuL latfpg' kbf{ stf stf b'Mv nfUb}g elg ;f]Wbf pgn] elgg\– !# aif{sf] pd]/df 3/ 5f]8]/ cfpbf t To:tf] nfUYof] g} Tof] x/]s aRrfdf x'G5 g} t/ ;doqmddf d]/f ;f]rfOx¿df kl/jt{g cfpg yfn] . of] eGbf klxnf 3/ glhs}sf] u'Dafdf a:bf lgs} 3/sf] ofb, ;fyLx¿;Fusf] lj5f]8 cflbn] ;tfpYof] t/ uxg cWoog clg u'?x¿sf] pkb]zn] lj:tf/} …jf:tjdf ;+;f/ s]xL xf]Og /x]5Ú h:tf] nfUg yfNof] . 1fg / Wofg eGbf 7"nf] ;+;fl/s hLjg xf]Og /x]5 eGg] a'em] kl5 slxNo} hLjgdf ;+;fl/s ef]ult/ Wofg uPsf] 5}g pgL elG5g\ . ljjfx ug'{ x'Gg eg]/ ;f]Wbf pgn] elgg\–cfgL eP kl5 ;+;fl/s df]xaf6 6f8f /xg'k5{ . cfgLn] ljjfx ub}{gg\ / ug'{ x'Fb}g eGg] dfGotf 5 . t/ sltkon] rfFxL u5{g\ klg t/ Tof] JolQmsf] rfxfgfsf] ljifo klg xf] . clg jf:tljs cfgL eOg;s]sf] ;+s]t klg xf] pgL elG5g\ . Ps k6s cfgL 5f]Oª z]kf{ -uflosf_ n] ljjfx ul/G5 xf]nf eg]/ eg]ls lyg lg eGbf cfgL 8f]Ndf elG5g\–Tof] pxfFsf] OR5fsf] s'/f xf] .

/fdsf]6l:yt l6j]l6og u'Dafdf hfbfF b]lvG5 cfgLx¿sf] cg'zf;g . cfgLx¿ ToxfF nueu %)) sf] xf/fxf/Ldf a:bf xf]nfg\ . pgLx¿n] d]l86]zg ub}{ u/]sf] a]nfdf / Wofg ub}{ u/]sf] a]nf hfFbf clQ cg'zfl;t eP/ ul//x]sf] e]l6G5 . l;of] v;]sf] cfjfh ;d]t cfpg] Tof] ;'Gotfdf cfgLx¿ WofgdUg x'G5g\ . x/]s s'/fsf] ;do tflnsf x'G5g pgLx¿sf] . ToxL u'Dafdf e]l6Psf g]kfnL efiff klg k|i6 af]Ng g;Sg] cfgL 6fF;L -!&_ / cfgL lªdf 8f]df -!*_ n] cfgLsf] hLjgsf] jf:tljstf atfPsf lyP . xftdf d'/nL af]s]sf cfgLx¿n] ;+;f/} x/fO lbg] u/L d'/nLdf d]l86]zg w'g ;'gfpbf / ToxL w'gdf cfk"mnfO{ lng\ u/fpbf ;fRr} ;+;f/ s]xL xf]Og h:tf] efg x'G5 . ck|i6 efiffdf pgLx¿n] cfˆgf] 3/ ltAatsf] l;dfgf atfP . l6j]l6og d'n h:tf] nfUg] pgLx¿ g]kfnL g} x'g\ t/ pgLx¿ g]kfnL hfGb}gg\ sd af]N5g\ a? cfˆg} efifdf af]Ng rfxfG5g\ . !) aif{b]lv ljleGg u'Dafdf a:b} cfPsL oL cfgLx¿ sf7df08f} cfPsf] # aif{ eO;s]sf] /x]5 . !&÷!* sf oL cfgLx¿sf] ljlrqsf] kl/jt{g 5 . pgLx¿ eG5g\–h;n] cfk"mnfO{ ;f+;fl/s hLjgaf6 sfa'df /fVg ;Sb}g To:tf JolQmx¿n] hLjgsf] cy{ a'‰g] klg ;Sb}g . hLjgsf] cy{ t Wofgdf 5, hkdf 5 Psfu|tfdf 5 . ;f+;fl/s hLjgn] slt klg c;/ gkf/]sf] pgLx¿n] df]jfOn kmf]g rfFxL af]S5g\ . ltg} kmf]gx¿af6 d]l86]zg w'gx¿ ;'Gg] u5{g\ . ljjfx, 5f]/f5f]/L, jfnaRrf 3/ oL ;a} s'/f xfdLaf6 6f8f eO;s] xfdL cj oxL u'Dafdf hLjg ljtfp5f}+ / O{Zj/Tj k|fKt u5f}+ pgLx? S'g} s'/fsf] k|ltjfb gu/L cfˆgf ljrf/ k|i6 /fV5g\ . :joDe"sf dfgL u'dfpb} kmGsf] dfb}{ u/]sL %% alif{o dgfªsL cfgL ldªdfn] klg hLjgsf] kl/efiff cfˆg} 9+un] atfOg\ . hLjg hk / tk xf] /] . $& aif{blv ljleGg u'Dafdf a:b} cfPsL cfgL ldªdf w]/} enfbdL 5g\ . cfˆgf] ljifo eGbf k/ uP/ af]Ng grfg] cfgLn] a'4sf c;+Vo pkb]zx¿ atfOg\ . clg cfgL x'g TolQ ;xh gePsf] atfOg\ . cfgLsf hLjgdf w]/} cˆ6\of/fx¿ cfpg] u/]sf] pgn] atfOg\ . cl:t dfq} ;+v'jf;efdfdf cfgLx¿ dfly ePsf] b'Jo{jxf/n] cfgLx¿ hLjgdf 7"nf] c;/ kf/]sf] atfOg\ . x'g klg xfd|} ;dfhsf JolQmx¿n] cfgLx? dfly antsf/ ug]{ k|of; u/]sf lyP ToxfF .

cfgLsf af/]df af}4wd{ / lxGb"wd{ b'j}sf] uxg cWoog u/]sf sdn df]Qmfgn]

interview

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dnfO{ nfU5 xfd|f] k]zf ;Ddflgt k]zf xf] . xfdLx¿ ljleGg b]zdf sfdbf/ k7fp5f}+ . ToxfFaf6 s/f]8f}+ /]ld6\ofG; b]zdf lelqG5 . To;f] ePsf]n] klg xfd|f] k]zf ljz]if ;Ddflgt k]zf xf] . eGg]n] t h]klg eG5g\ .

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jt{dfg ;dodf t ljb]z hfg] sfdbf/ g} gkfOg] ;d:of a9\b} uPsf] 5 . x/]s d]gkfj/nfO{ of] ;d:ofn] ;tfO/x]sf] 5 . tL afx]s ljleGg Ph]06x¿sf sf/0f klg d]gkfj/nfO{ cgfjZos ;d:of em]Ng' kg]{ x'G5 . h:t} sltko sfdbf/ t ljleGg dfWod x'Fb} oxfF cfOk'u]sf x'G5g\ . tL sfdbf/x¿n] ljleGg JolQmx¿nfO{ k};f a'emfPsf x'G5g\ / cGTodf Tof] ;d:of d]g kfj/df cfP/ 7f]lsG5 .

dlxnf sfdbf/x¿ klg ljb]z k7fpg] ug'{ePsf] 5 <

clxn];Dd k7fPsf] 5}g . dfu t cfO/xG5g\ t/ clxn];Dd k7fPsL rfFxL 5}g . x]/f}+ eljiodf k7fpg klg ;lsG5 .

dlxnf eP/ d]g kfj/ rnfpg slQsf] uf¥xf] 5 <

of] k]zf w]/} r'g}]ltk"0f{ k]zf xf] . t/ x/]s r'gf}ltsf] ;fdgf ub}{ cufl8 n}hfg' k5{ . r'gf}ltx¿ ;dfwfg ub}{ uPkl5 ;kmn x'Fb} uOG5 .

tkfO{x¿sf] Joj;fonfO{ ;/sf/sf] s:tf] ;xof]usf] ck]Iff /fVg' x'G5 <

;/sf/n] sfdbf/x¿sf] kf;kf]6{ ;/n 9+uaf6 agfOlbcf];\ . sfdbf/x¿nfO{ lzkd'ns tflndsf] Joj:yf ul/lbP x'GYof] h:tf] nfU5 . h;n] ubf{ sfdbf/nfO{ klg kmfObf x'G5 . lzk / tflndk|fKt sfdbf/x¿n] a9L tnj ;'ljwf kfp5g\ .

of] Joj;fodf cfpg rfxfg]nfO{ s] eGg rfxfg'x'G5 <

of] Joj;fo r'gf}ltk"0f{ 5 . w]/} ;+3if{ ug{;Sg' k5{ . olb ;a} r'gf}ltx¿sf] ;fdgf ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] nfU5 eg] of] Joj;fo ;lhn} ug{;Sg'x'G5 . t/ r'gf}ltx¿sf] ;fdgf ug{ ;lsPg eg] lgs} sl7g Joj;fo xf] ;f]r]/ dfq nfUg'xf];\ eGg rfxfG5' .

clnslt kfl/jfl/s hLjglt/ k|j]z u/f}+

 tkfO{x¿ Joj;foL x/]/ ;do Jo:t x'g'x'G5 s;/L 3/ kl/jf/nfO{ ;do lbg'x'G5 <

ljxfg a]n'sfsf] ;do 3/nfO{ lbG5' . h:tf];'s} Jo:ttf eP klg 3/nfO{ ;do lgsfNg ;Sg'k5{ . 3/sf nflu ;do h;/L klg lg:sG5 .

o; Joj;fodf cfpg >Ldfgsf] s:tf] ;xof]u kfpg'eof] <

k|ydtM xfdL b'j}hgf olx Joj;fodf ;+nUg 5f}+ . To;f] x'gfn] pxfFsf] ;xof]u gx'g] eGg] t s'/} ePg . pxfF g} d]/f] d]?908 x'g'x'G5 . o; Joj;fodf cfpg' eGbf klxnf d Pl8ljsf] k|f]h]S6df sfd uy]{+ / pxfF k/LIff lgoGq0f sfo{fnodf sfd ug'{x'GYof] . b'j} hgfsf] ;Nnfxn] xfdL o; Joj;fodf cfPsf xf}+ .

Joj;fodf cfpg] tgfjn] 3/nfO{ c;/ kf/]sf] 5 ls 5}g <

oxfFsf] tgfj 3/df gn}hfp eGbf eGb} klg 3/df k'luxfN5 . cfˆgf] Joj;fo g} oxL ePkl5 oxL ljifodf s'/fx¿ x'G5g\ kmf]g cfO/xG5 .  t/ clxn];Dd To:tf] s'g} c;/ kf/]sf] 5}g .

tkfO{sf] kl/jf/df slt hgf x'g'x'G5 <

xfd|f] Pp6L 5f]/L 5 clg xfdL b'O{ hgf .

3'dlkm/sf nflu sltsf] ;do lgsfNg'x'G5 <

;do lgsfn]/ 3'dlkm/df hfG5f}+ . x/]s 7fpFdf 5f]/LnfO{ klg ;Fu} n}hfG5f}+ .