Dollar

8n/ a9\gfn] g]kfnL cy{ hut k|jflxt

hLjg zdf{

ljZj cy{tGqdf 8n/sf] d"No Oltxf;d}+ pRr eP kl5 To;sf c;/x? g]kfnL cy{ hutdf b]lvg yfn]sf 5g\ . o;/L 8n/df cfPsf] kl/jt{gn] g]kfn h:tf] b]zsf] cy{tGqnfO{ g/fd|/L k|efljt agfPsf] 5 . kl5Nnf] ;dodf cd]l/sL 8n/ ! sf] vl/b b/ () ?k}ofF x'Fbf g]kfnL d'b|fdf eg] !# b]lv !^ k|ltzt ;Dd lu/fj6 cfPsf] 5 . To;f] t g]kfnL d'b|f dfq xf]Og ef/tLo d'b|fsf] klg ljlgdo b/ 36\bf] qmddf 5 . h;sf sf/0f g]kfnsf] dfq xf]Og ef/t;lxtsf blIf0f PlzofnL b]zx? g/fd|/L k|efljt ePsf 5g\ . ljZj ahf/df 8n/nfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ d"No lgwf{/0f ul/g] x'Fbf u/La b]zsf] d'b|fsf] ljlgdo b/ :jt 36\g uPsf sf/0f lgs} rsf]{ dx+uLsf] df/ v]Kg' kg]{ b]lvG5 .

Oltxf; s} pRr b/

olt a]nf cd]l/sL 8n/ Oltxf; s} ;a} eGbf pRr b/df k'u]sf] 5 . o'/f] 8n/ sfod ug]{ sL gug]{ eGg] bf]wf/df /x]sf o'/f]k]nL b]zx?sf ;fd' klg 8n/sf] ljlgdo b/ a9\gfn] lgSs} ;d:of lgDTofpg] b]lvG5 . o'/f] 8n/ grnfpg] lgisif{df k'lu;s]sf] lu|; h:tf b]zx?sf] clxn] klg cy{tGq tx;gx; eO;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . To;}n] p;n] o'/f]nfO{ p;sf] b]zdf grnfpg] h:tf] lg0f{o ul/;s]sf] 5 . p;sf nflu cd]l/sL 8n/df cfPsf] kl/jt{g cyf{t a9\bf] b/ cem cfly{s If]qdf c;/ kfg]{ b]lvG5 . lu|; dfq xf]Og k|mfG; tyf O6fnLdf klg o"/f]sf] b]lvb} 5 eg] ljZj ahf/ 8n/ g} sfod /xg] kSsf x'bf o'/f]k]nL b]zx? ;d]t k|jfkxt ePsf 5g\ .

8n/ a9\bf vf8L /fi6«nfO{ kmfObf

h;n] laqmL u5{ cyf{t h'g b]zsf] lgof{t cfoftsf] t'ngfdf a9L 5 To:tf b]zx?nfO{ 8n/sf] ljlgdo b/ a9\bf kmfObf x'G5 eg] cfoft dfq ug]{ b]zx?sf nflu eg] lgSs} sl7g x'g] b]lvG5 . ljZjsf] t]n ahf/df Psnf}6L lgof{tstf{ b]zx? ljz]if u/]/ ;fpbL, s'j]t, O/fg, O/fs h:tf b]zsf nflu eg] 8n/ pRr x'g' ;s/fTds g} 7flgG5 . t/ pgLx?sf] klg cGo vfBfGg nufotsf b}lgs pkef]Uo a:t'x?sf] jflx/L b]zaf6 cfoft ug'{ kg]{ ePsfn] gsf/fTds c;/ t kg]{ g} x'G5 . t/ klg pgLx?sf] lgof{t cfoftsf] t'ngfdf lgs} a9:L ePsf sf/0f To:tf] cfly{s If]qdf gsf/fTds c;/ kb}{g a? pgLx?sf nflu kmfOb} x'g] b]lvG5 .

8n/n] g]kfnL cy{tGqdf k|lts'n c;/

8n/ a9\gf;fy ;a} eGbf klxnf ;'g rfFbLsf] d"No cToflws a9]/ hfG5 . h;sf sf/0f clxn] g} g]kfnL ;'g rfFbL ahf/df lgs} 7"nf] em6\sf nflu;s]sf] 5 . o:t} qm xf] eg] ;'g rfFbLsf] sf/f]af/ g} 7Kk x'g] b]lvG5 . t/ ;'g rfFbLdf x'Fb} cfPsf] sfnf] ahf/ rfFxL nueu ;dfKt ePsf] 5 . ljb]zL ahf/af6 cj}w  ?kdf leqg] ;'g rfFbL rfFxL leqg ;s]sf] 5}g . eG;f/ 5n]/ leqg] o:tf ;'g rfFbLx? g]kfnL ahf/df cToflws dx+uf] x'g]5g\ . To;}n] klg cj}w Jofkf/df rfFxL sld cfPsf] 5 .

8n/sf] ljlgdo b/ pRr eP kl5 ;a} eGbf 7"nf] c;/ k]6«f]lnod kbfy{df kg]{ u5{ . t]nsf] ljZj ahf/df d"No lgwf{/0f 8n/nfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ ul/g] x'gfn] g]kfnL ahf/df t]nsf] d"No @) b]lv @% k|ltzt tTsfn} ga9fP ;'v} 5}g . ef/tLo ahf/df ( b]lv !) ?k}of -ef?_ al9;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . olt a]nf ef/tLo d'b|f g]kfnsf] h:t} sdhf]/ ePsf] 5 . To;}n] ef/tdf !) ?k}ofF a9\g' eg]sf] g]kfndf !^ ?k}ofF a9\g' xf] . To;}n] cj g]kfnLsf] r'nf]df 8n/ a9\bfsf] c;/ tTsfn} b]lvg] 5 . To;/L x]bf{ g]kfndf cj k]6«f]nsf] d"No k|lt ln6/ !#% ?k}ofF b]lv !$) ?k}ofFsf] jl/kl/ /fVg' kg]{ b]lvG5 eg] otf l8h]n / dl§t]nsf] d"No klg !)) ?k}ofF k|lt ln6/ eGbf dfly k'¥ofpg' kg]{ b]lvG5 eg] PnkL Uof; @%)) sf] xf/fxf/Ldf k'Ug ;S5 . o;/L cfsflzg] d”No j[l4nfO{ g]kfnL hgtfsf] cfo:t/n] s;/L wfGg ;S5 < ;/sf/n] s:tf] Joj:yf ug{ ;S5 < of] Psbd} uDeL/ ljifo ag]sf] 5 .

Psflt/ g]kfn cfon lgud 3f6fsf sf/0f ynf kl/;s]sf] 5 . clxn] klg ;/sf/;Fu C0f dfu]/ t]nsf] lgof{t ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . cem} klg olx b/df t]n NofP/ laqmL ug]{ xf] eg] g]kfn cfon lgudnfO{ a]n}df aGb ug'{kg]{ cj:yf cfp5 . cd]l/sL 8n/ &@ –&# b]lv *) sf] xf/fxf/Ldf cfpbf g]kfndf t]nsf] d"No lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] lyof] cfh 8n/sf] ljlgdo b/ () sf] xf/fxf/Ldf k'Ubf klg ToxL b/df d"No sfod ug]{ xf] eg] g]kfn cfon lgud p7\g} g;Sg] ul/ efl;g] lglZrt 5 .

t]nsf] d"No dfq xf]Og 8n/sf sf/0f g]kfnsf] cGt/fli6«o Jofkf/df klg 7"n} c;/ kfg]{ lglZrt 5 . g]kfn h:tf] b]zsf] lgof{t !) k|ltzt / cfot () k|ltzt ePsf] clxn]sf] cj:yfdf ljZjdf b}lgs 8n/sf] ljlgdo b/ a9\bf] cj:yf /x]sf]n] g]kfnL ahf/df d"No a[l4n] 7"n} ?k lng] b]lvG5 . t]n nufot vfBfGgdf klg lgs} prf/r8fj cfpg] k|fo lglZrt 5 . vfBfGg ;Fu} t]nxg, lrgL cf6f d}nf h:tf geO gx'g] a:t'x?df klg ef/L d"No a[l4 x'g] b]lvG5 . of] lrGtfsf] ljifo xf] t/ olt a]nf g]kfnsf s'g} klg ;/f]sf/jfnfx?n] o; ljifonfO{ lrGtfsf] ljifo agfPsf 5}gg\ .  

Psflt/ b]zsf] cl:y/ /fhgLltsf sf/0f z]o/ ahf/df cfPsf] lu/fj6 / g]K;] kl/;"rf+sdf Ps} lbgdf cfPsf] @) k|ltztsf]  lu/fj6n] g]kfnnfO{ cfly{s ;+s6df kfg]{ b]lvG5 . ljZj d'b|f ahf/df 8n/ XjfQ} a9\g' / g]kfndf TolQ g} a]nf /fhg}lts ;+s6 cfpg' b'j}n] g]kfnnfO{ cfly{s If]qdf p7\g} g;Sg] ul/ c;/ kfg]{ lglZrt 5 .  Psflt/ cl:y/ /fhgLlt To;df klg k|wfgdGqLsf] sbdnfO{ g?rfO/x]sf] cj:yfdf PSsf;L d"No j[l4 ubf{ hgtfdf cfpg] cfqmf]znfO{ ;/sf/n] s;/L lgoGq0f u5{ < olb d"No j[l4 gu/L olx ?kdf laqmL ub}{ hfg] xf] eg] b]zsf] cfDbfgL ;a} cg'bfgdf ;lsg] 5 h;sf] c;/ g]kfnsf] ljsf; sfo{ nufot sd{rf/L lzIfssf] tnjdf ;d]t kg]{ b]lvG5 . b}lgs 7"nf] dfqfdf cg'bfg lbg] xf] eg] ;/sf/n] ;dod} lzIfs tyf sd{rf/Lsf] tnj lbg ug{ ;Sb}g . olb To;f] eof] eg] b]z emg cBf]ult lt/ hfg] b]lvG5 . cfly{s If]qsf] cefj t t'?Gt} b]lvg] 5 eg] ljZjdf ePsf] dlg qmfOl;; (Money Crisis) sf] c;/ g]kfndf klg c;/ kg]{ ;do olta]n} cfPsf] 5 . To;}n] klg clxn] cj:yf g]kfnL hgtfsf] nflu TolQ ;'vb eg] b]lvb}g .  

s;/L ;dfwfg xf]nf ;d:of <

;d:of cfP kl5 ;dfwfg gx'g] t s'/} ePg t/ klg o;sf] ;xh ;dfwfg rfFxL b]lvb}g . ;a} eGbf klxnf t b]zdf /fhg}lts cj:yfnfO{ l:y/ /fVg ;Sg'k5{ . cl:y/ /fhgLltn] ljb]zL ahf/ dfq xf]Og b]zsf] cfGtl/s cy{ hut klg p:t} k|jflxt x'g] u5{ . ljlQo If]qdf /fhgLltsf] 7"n} dxTj x'G5 . ef/t h:tf ljlQo If]qdf k|e'Tj sfod /fVg] b]zx?df ;d]t /fhgLlts k|efj rfF8} k5{ eg] g]kfndf gkg]{ s'/} ePg . ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lju7g ePsf] b'O{ lbg d} z]o/ sf/f]jf/ z'Gosf] l:yltdf k'lu;s]sf] 5 .  To;}n] of] k|lts'n /fhg}lts jftfj/0fnfO{ ;xhLs/0f ug'{ h?/L b]lvG5 . cGof]nk"0f{ /fhg}lts jftfj/0fnfO{ cGTo u/L b]zsf] cfly{s cj:yfnfO{ dha'b agfpg ;Sg'k5{ . g]kfnn] o:t} cj:yf cfoftnfO{ 36fP/ :jb]zd}+ lge{/ x'g] tkm{ sbd rfNg' k5{ . g]kfndf pTkflbt a:t'x? -lrof, ;"tL{, h'6, cn}rL, nufot cGo gub] jfnL_ sf] lgof{t a9fpg' kg]{ b]lvG5 . C0f / cg'bfgsf] e/df b]z rnfpg' eGbf cfTd lge{/sf ljleGg sfo{qmdx?nfO{ cufl8 ;f/]/ n}hfg ;Sg' k5{ . t/ To;f] ubf{ klg g]kfnL r'nf]d} kg]{ c;/nfO{ rfFxL ;/sf/n] –b]zn]_ kG5fpg ;Sg] cj:yf rfFxL b]lvb}g .

cGTodf

8n/sf] ljlgdo b/ olx k|sf/n] a9\g] xf] eg] g]kfnL ahf/df k]6«f]nsf] d"No rfF8} !%) ?k}ofsf] xf/f xf/Ldf k'Ug] eg] l8h]n dl§t]n / xjfO OGwg clxn]sf] k]6«f]nsf] d"Nosf] xf/fxf/L k'U5g\ . To;}n] o:tf] ljifd kl/l:yltnfO{ ;a} kIfn] Psbd} lrlGtt eP/ ;f]Rg' kg]{ a]nf cfPsf] 5 . s]Gb|sf] /fhgLlt lalu|Psf] jt{dfg kl/k|Iodf ef]lnsf] nflu lgs} r'gf}lt aGg]5 . o; lbzftkm{ ;a}sf] Wofg cfs[i7 x'g h?/L 5 .